Khadgar blowing up the dark portal at the end of Tides of Darkness is one of the defining images burned into my brain from childhood. (He blows it up again at the end of Beyond the Dark Portal)
Actually he’s blown it up 3 times if you count WoD.
And that was before he spent time learning from people like Adal.
The real answer is…whichever is faster on the draw.
They both possess enough raw power to obliterate the other with one spell…so the one that casts first, wins. Further, if their casting time is close enough, they’re both doomed.
Just because you have not witnessed the depths of the ocean for yourself, you assume it’s not there. Khadgar using less force for more effect only shows a higher level of experience; it is not any message on the limits of power.
It reminds me of LotR where Gandalf is constantly doing minor cantrips, when you know the wizard can literally shatter reality.
I bet Jaina and Khadgar are intentioned to be “evenly matched”, as both are incredibly strong wizards. But Khadgar’s ability to generate multilateral attacks on his problems is easily more powerful than Jaina’s “brute force every problem” approach.
By the way, Jaina couldn’t even save her own city. While Theramore smolders as a crater, Dalaran floats on.
In the scope of lore: Khadgar. Khadgar stopped the dark portal invasion almost single handedly, over-powered a Sargeras-Powered-Medivh, and has protected the planet more time than Jaina has had birthdays.
In reality: Jaina wins because plot armor makes her an unstoppable magic spewing death machine the second something even remotely inconveniences her.
Jaina loses in BfD. “Plot armor” doesn’t at all make her unbeatable. But they have tipped a bit towards incomprehensibility in terms of “Does the power of named actors have limits?” Even Thrall had this problem.
Khadgar would be the stronger of the two on raw power, but he’s also streets ahead on discipline, study and self control. Plus, age and experience will trash youth and enthusiasm nearly every time. I can see him wearing a T-shirt that says “Be careful, there’s a reason I’m old.”