To get a more specific flavor of how Rogue used to work in the past, visit the “Category:Removed rogue abilities” page of Wowpedia:
https://wowpedia.fandom.com/wiki/Category:Removed_rogue_abilities
Here are some of the more popular ones folks have mentioned missing:
Burst of Speed - Level 60 Rogue talent - 30 Energy - 3 sec cooldown - Instant
Increases your movement speed by 70% for 4 sec and removes movement slowing effects. Usable while stealthed.
Recuperate - Level 16 rogue ability - 30 Energy - Instant
Finishing move that consumes combo points on any nearby target to restore 3% of maximum health every 3 sec. Lasts longer per combo point:
1 point : 6 seconds
2 points: 12 seconds
3 points: 18 seconds
4 points: 24 seconds
5 points: 30 seconds
Here are some other noteworthy abilities that we no longer have access to in any form:
Bribe - 30 yd range - 3 min cooldown - Instant
Bribes a non-player humanoid target up to level (player level + 1) with fool’s gold, convincing it to fight for you for 5 min.
Cannonball Barrage - 35 yd range - 1 min cooldown - Instant
Command a ghost ship crew to barrage the target area with cannonballs doing (720% of attack power) Physical damage over 1.8 sec and slowing enemies by 50% for 1.5 sec.
Cloak and Dagger - Passive
Your Ambush, Garrote, and Cheap Shot abilities can now be used from 40 yards away, and will cause you to appear behind your target.
Create: Crimson Vial - 1 min recharge - 1.5 sec cast
Create a Crimson Vial to share with allies. Maximum of 3 can be carried at once.
Deadly Throw - 30 yd range - 35 Energy - Instant
Finishing move that reduces the movement of the target by 50% for 6 sec and causes increased thrown weapon damage:
1 point : [164 + Ranged weapon min base damage] - [180 + Ranged weapon max base damage] damage
2 points: [269 + Ranged weapon min base damage] - [285 + Ranged weapon max base damage] damage
3 points: [374 + Ranged weapon min base damage] - [390 + Ranged weapon max base damage] damage
4 points: [479 + Ranged weapon min base damage] - [495 + Ranged weapon max base damage] damage
5 points: [584 + Ranged weapon min base damage] - [600 + Ranged weapon max base damage] damage
Neurotoxin - Melee range - 25 Energy - 45 sec cooldown - Instant
Stabs the target with your off-hand weapon, causing (8.2212% of Attack power) Nature damage, and applies a deadly neurotoxin for 3 sec. The neurotoxin causes any ability used to incur a 1 sec cooldown.
Paralytic Poison - 3 sec cast
Coats your weapons with a Non-Lethal Poison that lasts for 60 min. Each strike has a 20% chance of poisoning the enemy for 15 sec. Stacks up to 4 times on a single target, and upon a fourth application, the enemy will be stunned for 4 seconds.
Shiv effect:
Cause instant paralysis of an enemy’s lower body, rooting them in place for 4 sec.
Riposte - Melee range - 10 Energy - 6 sec cooldown - Instant
A strike that becomes active after parrying an opponent’s attack. This attack deals 150% weapon damage and disarms the target for 6 sec.
Shadow Reflection - 20 yd range - 2 min cooldown - Instant
Summon a shadow of yourself on the target that will watch you and memorize your offensive ability usage for the next 8 sec. After this time, it will mimic the memorized abilities on its target over the next 8 sec.
Swiftblade’s Cunning - Passive
Increases the haste and multistrike chance of all party and raid members within 100 yards by 5%.
Enhanced Blade Flurry - Passive
Blade flurry no longer has a target cap.
Improved Dual Wield - Passive
You no longer have a penalty to hitting with your autoattacks due to dual-wielding.
Improved Slice and Dice - Passive
Slice and Dice is now always passively active.
Catlike Reflexes - (3 ranks) - Rogue artifact trait
Increases dodge chance by 5/10/15% and makes you immune to falling damage.
Deception - (1 rank) - Rogue artifact trait
Activating Sprint causes Feint to activate for no Energy cost.
Greed - (1 rank) - Rogue artifact trait
Run Through occasionally awakens The Dreadblades, unleashing a sweeping attack against all nearby enemies for (350% + 350% of weapon damage) Physical damage, and healing you for (5% of total HP) per target hit.
Hidden Blade - (1 rank) - Rogue artifact trait
Successfully using Ambush guarantees your next Saber Slash will strike an additional time.
Shadow Swiftness - (1 rank) - Rogue artifact trait
Activating Shadowstep grants you Evasion for 2 sec.