1 - The first and most important thing is position. Without correct position, the best barrier management in the world won’t mean anything. So as soon as games begin, you want to be the first out the door, always on the front line. As Zarya, (and another other tank) you act as a barrier between incoming damage and your squishy allies. That is where you want to be most of the time. It will give you the easiest route to building high charge fast because you are always on the front and can decide to step in front of of incoming damage whenever you want to. See those Junkrate grenades coming your way? See that Hanzo dragon strike? Pop your personal bubble and catch 40 charge.
2 - barrier management. Remember you have 200 shield, so always take some damage first THEN pop your bubble. Never use it as you’re entering a fight because enemies will see you and stop firing, leaving you with 8 charge. But take some damage first, (50-100) then use personal barrier and you’ll get the full 40 charge a lot more often.
What I like to do is walk in front of incoming damage, use personal barrier, get my charge, then walk backwards behind my other tank and bubble them, as I’m now behind them, this protects me and my team and also get’s me another 40 charge, within a few seconds, my own personal barrier is coming back off cd, so I repeat, I walk in front of my other thank, pop my barrier and take more damage as I start to walk backwards behind my other tank again, then I shield him, and repeat.
Rotating the time between barriers this way can lead to gaining 100 charge very fast, but like with all things, it comes with practice. I messed up a lot until things like this just become second nature and engraved in us.
Also, maybe more advanced tip which I really like with Zarya. Go in to the practice range with her, close your eyes, hold down left click and try and stop before your ammo reaches zero, but get it as low as you can. If you pay attention, there are two “swoosh” sounds when your ammo gets very low and is about to deplete. That’s when you need to stop left clicking and do a right-click + melee combo. Right click eats 25 ammo, but will still work even if you have 1 ammo left.
By getting used to these audio queues without looking, your CQC/melee range effectiveness will improve and you’ll know just when to right click+melee enemie up close just before you run out of ammo, as this deal a lot more damage and helps finish off enemies, as opposed to just holding down left click.
PS: Excuse the structure of this post. For some reason this new forum doesn’t handle spaces and paragraphs that well and moves things around.