Pause functionality?

Yup.

I remember starcraft used to do this all the time. But instead of pausing to wait, people paused to disconnect. Or the game would pause all on its own if one player was lagging just to disconnect them. Mind you i think the opposing players had the option of voting to drop that player.
It was so stupid…

The game allows a player to return within 2 minutes in most cases. If a player disconnects within the first 30 seconds of the game, it will shut down as a precaution for the other players to not risk playing with a player who may have an issue.

Not from the server side, it can’t tell when a player does this…

When a player leaves a game, intentional or not, it is still a violation of the game’s rules.

Because the ranked ladder is not a professional environment, technically it’s merely a place for players to test their skills and see where they stack up against other players (and that could be debated by everyone’s opinions here on the forums). Matchmaking competitive play is not a championship by any means as it has no real stakes involved.

Dota 2 is a MOBA game and is more methodical and slow paced than a first person shooter.

For that game, I could see it working, but I don’t play MOBAs typically.

True, again look at the side from the opposite team, they want to rank up too, and pauses hinders that technically.

As far as catchup mechanics are concerned, this is not done in Overwatch as they prove difficult to balance, because there is no buy phase or currency or team resource. Jeff Kaplan explains here:

Source: Old Overwatch Archives

It’s definitely a “feels bad moment” for sure, however again, looking at the whole Competitive experience beyond one match, I believe the game is as balanced for leavers as we can hope.

I disagree, while mechanical skill is required in MOBAs, the pace is not to that of a an FPS. Also, I am not familiar, but I believe neither Heroes of the Storm, nor League of Legends has such a policy in their ranked game modes.

As a player who has had their fair share of technical issues and nearly gotten banned in Season 2 (I would never have gained the knowledge about the inner working of Overwatch’s rules and philosophies and become a forum MVP otherwise), I definitely understand the desire for a fair playfield as much as possible for everyone, however, I know in the end, Overwatch is just a video game to well over 99% of us. Yeah, there are those who want to play professionally, but the path to pro is available for that, and Competitive Play is supposed to be the place to for players to have competitive experience and compare skills. In the end, no one has taken part in leaver debates more than I have, I know the frustrations of players who disconnect and get penalized, the anger from teammates who had a leaver, and even the concerns of players on the opposing team for when there is a leaver. I also know where the development team stands in their philosophy and if anything they have take measures to increase leaver penalties over the years. Yes, any given player including you and me could have a technical issue that crops up at any time, but for those who have a one-time issue, it more often than not is long enough to make your proposal of a one-minute pause ineffective to help that player, and instead aggravate the remaining players in that game.