I could see Doomfist’s abilities creating shockwaves that destroy enemy projectiles. Like pulses of Defense Mateix.
Uppercut to obliterate half of Pharah’s ult, Slam where a Mei ult will land to destroy the Blizzard, Rocket Punch into a Zarya Grav to smack a black hole out of existence.
Far from a perfect solution, but I could envision it. Kind of like I-frames from the fighting games his kit is based off of.